SECCION Crisis monetaria: US/EURO, dolar vs otras monedas

Gráfico del tipo de cambio del Dólar Americano al Euro - Desde dic 1, 2008 a dic 31, 2008

Evolucion del dolar contra el euro

US Dollar to Euro Exchange Rate Graph - Jan 7, 2004 to Jan 5, 2009

V. SECCION: M. PRIMAS

1. SECCION:materias primas en linea:precios


[Most Recent Quotes from www.kitco.com]


METALES A 30 DIAS click sobre la imagen
(click sur l´image)

3. PRIX DU CUIVRE

  Cobre a 30 d [Most Recent Quotes from www.kitco.com]

4. ARGENT/SILVER/PLATA

5. GOLD/OR/ORO

6. precio zinc

7. prix du plomb

8. nickel price

10. PRIX essence






petrole on line

Find out how to invest in energy stocks at EnergyAndCapital.com.

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mercados,materias primas,azucar,precios y graficos azucar i otros
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta BCE. Mostrar todas las entradas
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6 jul 2015

In depth: The Greek crisis | The Economist

http://www.economist.com/greekcrisis
syriza gana por amplio margen NO




Enviado desde mi Samsung Mobile de Claro

5 jun 2015

http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2015/06/03/l-ocde-pointe-la-mollesse-de-la-reprise-economique_4646241_3234.html

reprise lente

RV: La Newsletter du CEPII - Mai 2015






ggarcianunez@uni.edu.pe

Asunto: La Newsletter du CEPII - Mai 2015




Mai 2015        



Le contenu de l'édition anglaise peut différer      

Europe Monnaie & Finance Commerce & Mondialisation Migrations Politique économique Economies émergentes Compétitivité & Croissance Environnement & Ressources Naturelles
  Focus
Vers une moindre instabilité macroéconomique

Depuis plusieurs mois , différents indicateurs macroéconomiques révèlent que les pays de l'OCDE sont entrés dans une phase de plus forte stabilité financière et économique, rappelant la « grande modération ». >>>
Stéphane Lhuissier
  publications




  Événements
Françoise Lemoine au Printemps de l'économie, sur ''Grands émergents : la Chine et les autres''
16 Avril 2015

Sebastien Jean au Printemps de l'économie, sur ''Qui gouverne le commerce mondial ?''
16 Avril 2015

Michel Aglietta au Printemps de l'économie, sur ''Le dollar, l'euro et les autres''
16 Avril 2015

Global perspectives on investment and potential output
28 Avril 2015

L'innovation comme levier de la transition climatique
7 Mai 2015

L'inclusion financière en Afrique
19 Mai 2015

1st MENA Trade Workshop - Deadline for participant registration: Wednesday, April 22, 2015
2 - 3 Juin, 2015

15th Doctoral Meetings in International Trade and International Finance
25 - 26 Juin, 2015

L'Economie mondiale 2016 - SAVE THE DATE
9 Septembre 2015

XIII ELSNIT Annual Conference : Trade Facilitation - Call for Papers - Deadline for submitting: May, 15
23 - 24 Octobre, 2015

Agriculture, International Trade and Development - Call for Papers - Deadline for submitting: July 31
19 - 20 Novembre, 2015
  Edito
Compétitivité : une obsession dangereuse pour la cohésion européenne

A l'heure où les excédents européens s'accumulent, sur fond d'atonie interne, les injonctions à améliorer la compétitivité externe de l'Union sont paradoxales. Pour l'Europe, le risque n'est pas de perdre sa compétitivité. Il est de ne pas retrouver sa cohésion et sa croissance. >>>
Sébastien Jean
  Faits & chiffres
4

On distingue quatre composantes dans les échanges extérieurs, « 4 Chine », qui se singularisent chacune par des évolutions spécifiques : 1) les firmes chinoises qui font du commerce ordinaire ; 2) celles q ui font des échanges de processing ; 3) les firmes étrangères qui font du commerce ordinaire ; 4) celles qui font des échanges de processing . >>>
Françoise Lemoine, Sandra Poncet, Deniz Ünal, Clément Cassé
  Opinion
Diversifier la structure de financement de l'économie de la zone euro

En optant plutôt pour les instruments financiers émis directement par des entreprises, la BCE offrirait un financement alternatif aux entreprises pour mener à bien leurs projets d'investissement, et ce faisant accélérerait sans doute la reprise de l'économie de la zone euro.>>>
Urszula Szczerbowicz, Natacha Valla
  Emplois
ISSN: 1255-7072
Directeur de publication : Sébastien Jean
Rédacteur en chef : Dominique Pianelli


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24 dic 2012

Fwd: Escándalo manipulación tasa interbancaria LIBOR. Banco suizo UBS



 

UBS despedirá entre 30 y 40 trabajadores por escándalo del Libor

19 de Diciembre de 2012 • 08:50hs  •  actualizado 09:05hs
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El primer banco suizo, UBS, despedirá entre 30 y 40 empleados como consecuencia del escándalo por la manipulación de la tasa interbancaria Libor, informó hoy el director general del organismo, Sergio Ermotti.



El máximo dirigente del organismo se declaró "decepcionado" por el escándalo y por "el comportamiento inaceptable de algunos empleados", razón que justifica plenamente los despidos, señaló.



Hoy se supo que pagará una sanción de más de 1.500 millones de dólares a los reguladores financieros de Estados Unidos, Reino Unido y Suiza por haber manipulado las tasas interbancarias.



Las autoridades acusan al banco de que algunos de sus agentes bursátiles manipularon los cálculos que aportaban para fijar el Libor con el fin de obtener un beneficio económico, y algunos de ellos se aliaron con otros en otras entidades para influir en el tipo interbancario.



Según los reguladores, intentaron manipular la tasa bien para obtener un beneficio o bien para proyectar una imagen de fortaleza financiera durante la crisis crediticia de 2008.



Ermotti afirmó que está totalmente "comprometido" a que este tipo de casos no se reproduzcan en el futuro, y aseguró que el comportamiento de "algunos colaboradores" no se corresponde con los valores fundamentales y éticos de UBS.



Asimismo, el ejecutivo se ha defendido asegurando que, desde que estalló el escándalo, la dirección del banco reaccionó rápidamente y cooperó con las autoridades.



"Es la prueba de nuestra determinación para cambiar hacia mejor", precisó, sin querer dar su opinión al respecto de si encuentra justa la sanción de 1.500 millones de dólares.



El dirigente asumió que, a causa de la multa, en el cuarto trimestre el banco tendrá unas pérdidas de entre 2.000 y 2.500 millones de francos (entre 1.656 y 2.070 millones de euros).



De éste monto, 2.100 millones de francos (1.738 millones de euros) se dedicarán a saldar los litigios y los problemas reglamentarios, otros 500 millones francos (414 millones de euros) en gastos de reestructuración, y unos 400 millones de francos (331 millones de euros) por pérdidas de crédito, indicó el banco.



Hechos todos los descuentos, UBS cree que, en el conjunto del 2012, obtendrá un beneficio antes de impuestos de entre 2.500 y 3.000 millones de francos (2.070 y entre 2.484 millones de euros).
Además, Ermotti está convencido que el establecimiento logrará cumplir con sus objetivos de reforzar su capital para reducir los riesgos y cumplir con las normas Basel III.
Del total de multa anunciada hoy, 1.200 millones de dólares irán al departamento de Justicia y la Comisión de comercio de futuros de materias primas de EEUU; 160 millones de libras (260 millones de dólares) a la FSA y 59 millones de francos suizos (64 millones de dólares) al supervisor bancario suizo FINMA.

UBS es el segundo banco multado por tergiversar el Libor -que se fija a diario en Londres y es referencia para las transacciones financieras en todo el mundo- para su propio beneficio, después de que el pasado junio lo fuera el británico Barclays.

20 jun 2012

Fwd: Macroperu La votación griega



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Bruno <lbseminario@yahoo.com>
Date: 2012/5/6
Subject: Macroperu La votación griega



 

Los griegos votan contra Europa y la austeridad

Ascenso de la izquierda radical y de la extrema derecha


El líder del grupo de extrema derecha griego, Nikolaos Mihaloliakos (C) es ecoltado por simpatizantes en su camino hacia una conferencia de prensa en Atenas. / YANNIS BEHRAKIS (REUTERS)
Desencantados de la casta de políticos tradicionales, furiosos con los sacrificios generados por la crisis y hartos de que Bruselas o Berlín dicten su política económica, los griegos acudieron el domingo a las urnas para votar con el corazón y con las vísceras. Y lo hicieron dinamitando el bipartidismo vigente desde la restauración de la democracia, en 1974: la conservadora Nueva Democracia y el socialista Pasok, los dos grandes partidos, los únicos que defienden la política de austeridad y los rescates, solo lograron el 34,3% de los votos (frente al 78% de 2009), con el 38% de los votos escrutados.
El auge de la Coalición de Izquierda Radical (Syriza), que con el 15,81% (48 diputados) se convierte en el segundo partido más votado, y la entrada en el Parlamento de los neonazis de Aurora Dorada, con el 6,8% de los sufragios (en torno a 20 escaños), complican el escenario político más fragmentado de la historia y auguran, en el mejor de los casos, una traumática formación de Gobierno; el peor sería la repetición de los comicios, como mínimo dentro de cinco semanas. Tras este cataclismo electoral, a partir de hoy ya nada será lo que fue, políticamente hablando, en Grecia.
La coalición izquierdista, que logró el 4,6% de los votos en 2009, propone la renegociación del memorándum suscrito entre el Gobierno de Atenas y la troika, y añadirle una cláusula procrecimiento. Los neonazis, que en 2009 solo cosecharon el 0,29% de los sufragios, exigen por su parte la revocación del acuerdo y la condonación total de la deuda. Con una estruendosa campaña xenófoba y antieuropea, Aurora Dorada es una burda paradoja en un país que perdió el 10% de su población —entre bajas de guerra o por el hambre y exilios— durante la ocupación nazi, entre 1941 y 1944.
El líder socialista, Evánguelos Venizelos, movió esta noche la primera ficha poselectoral al proponer "un Gobierno de unidad nacional, firme y estable", y advirtió a los partidos revelación de estos comicios —en especial Syriza, su particular bestia negra— que "no han recibido un cheque en blanco" de las urnas. A continuación, Antonis Samarás, de Nueva Democracia (ND), hizo pública su oferta de un "Gobierno de salvación nacional". Obtuvo inmediata réplica de Alexis Tsipras, líder de Syriza y ganador in péctore de la noche: "La salvación nacional que proponen algunos pasa por la modificación del memorándum. Los pueblos de Europa no pueden sobrevivir así. Merkel debe entender que la austeridad no conduce a ningún sitio". Con apelaciones a "la solidaridad, la justicia y la dignidad", Tsipras propuso un Gobierno de las fuerzas de izquierda.

Conservadores y socialistas, que defienden el rescate, se desploman
En las primeras elecciones legislativas que se celebran en el país desde el comienzo de la crisis, en 2010, la dispersión del voto fue la tónica dominante, en consonancia con los sondeos realizados durante la campaña: siete partidos (dos de ellos, nuevos) entrarán en el Parlamento. Como las urnas se encargarían de demostrar después, costaba encontrar a un votante de la conservadora ND y del socialista Pasok entre los electores que acudían a dos colegios del barrio de Plaka, en el centro de Atenas. Es más, partidarios en otras ocasiones de ND y Pasok se decantaron el domingo por los extremos —otra tendencia demoscópica ratificada en las urnas—, como Nikos, funcionario del Ministerio de Economía y socialista desencantado. "He votado más a la derecha y para frenar a Europa y, sobre todo, a Angela Merkel, que es una psicokiller. Ya está bien de decir que somos unos ladrones; hay que pararle los pies". En un aparte al resguardo de curiosos, Nikos confesaba haber votado a Griegos Independientes, un nuevo partido de derecha nacionalista (cuarto, con el 10,3% de los votos y en torno a 30 diputados).
Yanis y Zódoros confesaban sotto voce haber apoyado al filonazi Aurora Dorada. Al lado, Panayotis Papayoryíu, parado de 27 años, explicaba por qué eligió Syriza, equivalente a la española Izquierda Unida: "Porque si existe alguna posibilidad de que gobierne la izquierda, hay que intentarlo, a ver qué hace con el memorándum y con Europa".

Siete partidos, dos de ellos nuevos, entran en el Parlamento
Los votantes de más edad no soltaban prenda de su elección; solo el jubilado Kostas Glikeos, a las puertas del colegio de Ypitu, en Plaka, confesaba encogido de hombros haber respaldado como siempre al Pasok: "Es lo menos malo de lo peor, y el único capaz de anclarnos a Europa".
Los partidos más pequeños —32 formaciones concurrieron a las urnas— cosecharon 18% de los votos, pero se quedaron fuera del Parlamento al no superar cada uno el umbral del 3%. La abstención también fue protagonista: en torno al 38%. "He elegido uno de los pequeños. Todos los demás son lo mismo. Es hora de asumir responsabilidades, no pueden liquidar este país", decía Eliana.
La nueva ley electoral reserva un bono de 50 escaños suplementarios para el partido ganador; también consagra una complicada proporcionalidad en la representación parlamentaria: cuantos más partidos entren en la Cámara, más difícil resulta a la formación ganadora llegar a la mayoría absoluta. Pero no es el caso de estas elecciones, que arrojan el Parlamento más fraccionado de la historia. "Urnas bomba", titulaba el domingo, muchas horas antes de que se conocieran los datos, el diario To Vima, de centro-izquierda.
__._,_.___

Fwd: Macroperu Bankia, Ratto, bailout




---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Dwight Ordoñez <DWIGHTOR@gmail.com>
Date: 2012/5/9
Subject: Macroperu Bankia, Ratto, bailout





 
El gobierno español acaba de intervenir/ "ayudar" con 7,000 millones de euro a la cuarta entidad bancaria de España, Bankia (que es la primera en términos de sus operaciones dentro del país -Santander y BBVA tienen más de 60% de sus operaciones fuera del país).   La burbuja inmobiliaria se llevó de encuentro a la institutión.
Al tiempo de anunciar nuevos recortes en los sistemas de salud y educación, el gobierno de Rajoy usa dinero público para salvar a un banco privado. 
El Presidente de Bankia, el ex-ministro de economía del PP (de Aznar) y ex-director general del FMI, Rodrigo Ratto, acaba de dimitir/ ser mandado a su casa, con un fuerte bono de compensación, luego de este nuevo fracaso (sobre el paso de Ratto por el FMI en el siguiente link: 
En todos los países las causas de la crisis tienen, aparte de razones, rostros y responsables.  Pero en todas partes, éstos últimos son protegidos y "caen de pie" vez tras vez.
Recuerdo cuando en el Perú se felicitaban de la elección de este señor al FMI y se algunos se apiñaban al pie de la escalinata para saludarlo.
__._,_.___
    

Fwd: Macroperu Los Tres días de Oscuridad



---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Bruno <lbseminario@yahoo.com>
Date: 2012/5/8
Subject: Macroperu Los Tres días de Oscuridad




 

Global Economy Heading Downhill?

Author: Edward Hugh  ·  May 8th, 2012  ·  Comments (2)Share This Print  151  83
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According to the JP Morgan Global Composite PMI report, "Growth of global economic activity eased sharply to a five month low in April." The authors of the report found that on aggregate across the countries surveyed – 30 across the globe – both new order inflows and job creation fell back, leading them to the conclusion  that "the world economy is set for a softer growth patch heading into midyear". Looking at the chart below, this certainly seems to be the case (the composite index is a measure derived from a weighted average of the manufacturing and services findings).
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So momentum is weakening across the entire global economy at the present point, not just in say Europe, or China. Global output is still growing but it is growing at an increasingly weaker pace. What could change that? Well QE3 naturally. Why do I say that?  Well look at the three significant surges in the chart. The first coincides with QE1, the second with QE2, and the third, much weaker one, fits in with the so called Operation Twist.
This tells us a number of things. In the first place these massive liquidity injections are not self sustaining, i.e. they give things a hefty push forward but even so they  don't manage to jump start the various economies, especially in the developed world. They work for a bit, and then run out of steam. The fact that they systematically run out of steam tells me, at any rate, that something somewhere is broken, and that re-iterated injections on their own won't sort the problem out.
In Japan this very same "something" has now been broken since 1992, and continual liquidity injections and mounting government debt have not made it better. This is not the point to go in depth into what the something is, my story on this is scattered here and there across the various pieces of analysis I write. Suffice it to say that excessive debt and rapid population aging have to form part of the picture. Both constitute an important drag on growth. But the principal aim of this post  isn't to add to the debate about what it is that is broken, it is simply to plead for a recognition that something is, and that, as a result, the situation won't simply "right" itself. This time there is no hidden helping hand.
What the various liquidity injections do do is buy time. Some people scorn that, and would rather take their armageddon full face and now. Each to his taste. If I get to die tomorrow rather than today, I am not ungrateful.
Liquidity injections are not quite the same thing as debt generation, although obviously there is a link – injections which involve straight monetisation of government debt (ECB LTRO lending against government guaranteed bank bond collateral in order to enable the bank to buy government bonds, for example) are clearly facilitating the generation of debt. While liquidity provision for its own sake in a deflated economic system is generally positive, debt generation for its own sake isn't necessarily so, since someone, someday, will have to pay it back, and if in the meantime we don't fix the problem (that "something" that is broken) then the somebody may be poorer than we are, in which case we are directly transferring income inter-generationally, from them to us. Debt to buy time for something which won't fix itself is not justified, and the money should be spent structurally, on implementing a fix. Grandiose infrastructure plans which have no real efficiency component were tried in Japan in the 1990sand they didn't work.
"Even today, Japan is having trouble climbing out of its cement pit. At its high, in the mid-1990s, infrastructure spending accounted for 6 percent of its gross domestic product, double what the United States allocated for infrastructure in the '90s and still higher than what politicians are considering spending today. In estimates of national debt, the world's second-largest national economy is near the top of the list, perched between Lebanon and Jamaica. Last year, Japan's public debt was far greater than the size of its economy, a burden that makes its demographic challenges more difficult to address".

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We face a situation which seems neither to have been contemplated in either the Austrian or the Keynesian theoretical frameworks (since both assume some sort of homeostatic corrective mechanism is ultimately at work) or in the any of the various versions of neoclassical growth theory, where some sort of semi-constant equilibrium growth path is assumed to exist, and be recoverable via the application of an appropriate set of structural reforms. Yet the three oldest societies on the planet – Japan, Germany and Italy – have been losing growth momentum for decades now, and it is quite possible will drift into negative average growth rates at some point in a non too distant future. Traditional theory never really contemplated this possibility (for a brief summary of my argument on this, see this recent interview I did with Andrew Pollen).
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Now for my second main point. Where's the missing link? That is, where is the link between the Feds quantitative measures (or those of the other main developed economy central banks for that matter) and global economic momentum? Well, that's a bit of a longer story – although empirically I think it is easy to see the link is there. Basically the story has to do with international "carry" (borrowing cheap in one currency to lend dear in another, preferably with the value of the first currency falling, and the value of the second currency rising, a set of relations which "carry" itself propagates in good circular fashion), and risk sentiment. The liquidity injection makes people more willing to take on risk (think ECB and the 3yr LTROs), and the existence of the carry trade enables them to do it. Nothing new here, banks by their very nature are about intermediation, and leveraging spreads, its just that in an age of financial globalisation that intermediation has a lot more distant geographical reach.
And then of course, all that extra money helps people from Rio to New Delhi and from Ankara to Jakarta borrow up to the hilt to buy themselves a nice new flat, or SUV, or whatever.
Across Latin America's largest economy, record prices for the country's commodities and surging foreign fund inflows – what the International Monetary Fund calls "favourable tailwinds" – are driving a historic boom. Property prices are soaring, consumer credit is booming and bank profits swelling. But there are growing concerns over whether Brazil is becoming addicted to this windfall of easy money. Increasingly, there are fears that Brazil is heading for a bubble.
So excess liquidity which finds no outlet in developed economies floods into emerging markets, provoking unsustainable surges in demand and fueling inflation, which leads the local central banks to penalise borrowing in one way or another, and bring the whole dynamic to a halt again. At which point we get another liquidity injection in one of the major developed economies, and off we go again.
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It is perhaps a sobering thought  that households will be about as indebted in Brazil coming in to the next football World Cup as they were in Spain at the time of the 1992 Olympics, and then remember what happened next in the latter case. Brazil isn't facing a devastating bubble yet, but it could be one day if we don't find a better way of doing things.
Global Manufacturing In LimboLand
Even if it was services activity, rather than manufacturing, that showed the greatest global weakness during April, manufacturing was only able to gouge out a minimal improvement on what was already a weak March performance, and even then what growth there was was  very unevenly distributed.
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Overall output, new orders and employment all continued to rise during the month, but there was a marked divergence between the world's two largest industrial regions, the US and the Eurozone. In fact, the US remained one of the principal spurs of global manufacturing growth in April, with the US PMI rising to a ten-month high, provoking indirectly yet more debate about the desirability of austerity across the EU. Nonetheless, as can be seen from the chart, the surge in manufacturing output remains modest when compared with the two earlier waves, which is why I am among those who think that the arrival of some sort of QE3 is now only a matter of time.
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The Eurozone manufacturing PMI, in contrast, posted its lowest reading in almost three years, as operating conditions deteriorated across all of the  big-four Euro economies (Germany, France, Italy, and Spain). The US PMI is currently 8.9 points above its Eurozone equivalent, the greatest divergence in favour of the US since Eurozone data were first compiled in June 1997.
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Meanwhile the Asia PMIs remained mixed with solid growth being signaled in India against only modest expansions in Japan, Indonesia, Taiwan and South Korea. Conditions also remained weak to subdued in China. So at this point in time, even the Asian economies as a group are hardly "powering ahead".
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The most marked feature of the April reports as far as Europe is concerned is certainly the way in which conditions in core Europe continue to worsen. As the monthly report said,"the April PMIs also indicated that manufacturing weakness was no longer confined to the region's geographic periphery. The German PMI fell to a 33-month low, conditions deteriorated sharply again in France and the Netherlands also contracted at a faster rate". The rate of decline in new orders accelerated, and jobs were lost in German manufacturing for the first time in two years.
Indeed it is the state of the once mighty German economy that is now starting to give cause for concern. The economy suffered a mild contraction in the last three months of last year, and the possibility exists that this will be repeated in Q1 2012, in which case Germany will also be technically back in recession. Whether or not this is the case we will know in a week or so, but either way, the fact that it is a close call, and that things are evidently getting worse as we enter the second quarter certainly undermines some of the force in Angela Merkel's argument that austerity leads to growth.
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As Tim Moore, senior economist at Markit and author of the German manufacturing report put it:
"Germany started the second quarter of 2012 with its worst manufacturing performance for almost three years, as another month of weaker order inflows finally brought production levels back into contraction. With backlogs of work failing to support output volumes in April, manufacturers cut their staffing numbers for the first time since March 2010.
"The investment goods sector was at the forefront of the downturn in April, as jitters about global economic conditions meant clients in export markets sought to delay large scale spending decisions. Investment goods producers saw export orders fall at the steepest pace in nearly three years, and in turn job losses were the most pronounced of the three main market groups monitored by the survey.
Germany's economy is export dependent. This export dependency comes from having a very high median population age. It is not a cultural quirk of the Germans. There is no fundamental issue with German competitiveness, there is not some major structural reform that is missing, there is not even over indebtedness in the public or private sectors. The only reason the German economy has fallen back into recession is that demand for its products among customers has dropped off, while the long awaited second pillar of domestic demand has once more failed to appear. It is as simple as that.
With the results of the recent French elections in the forefront of their minds, people are now starting to ask themselves just how Germany will respond to a Francois Hollande Presidency, forgetting that elections are also looming in Germany next year, and that the CDU is busily loosing ground. Whether or not Germany technically confirms a recession when the results for the first three months of the year are out in a week or so, the performance of the economy is visibly worsening and German leaders are under pressure to show they are willing and able to respond. Otherwise Angela Merkel may face wrath not only from those irritated by the having to contribute towards the bailouts, she will also have to contend with  those irritated by her economic ineffectiveness back home. And in any event, the party which would gain from a Merkel electoral defeat – the SPD – are not that far from seeing things the way Monsieur Hollande does.
Which is why Angela Merkel's approach was always far too simplistic. As I have said a number of times, I think she is right to search for some sort of financial stability in the face of the aging population issue, but the best way to get from here to there is not necessarily to walk in a straight line.  Naturally, austerity is a relative concept, but whether you are cutting your deficit from 10% to 9%, or from 3% to 2% as you go into a recession you still hit short term growth with a double whammy, as Italy is currently discovering. As can be seen in the chart below (which is the April Italian services PMI) domestic demand is plummeting on the back of the latest round of austerity, and this is leading the main centre left party in the government to at least cry ouch!
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At the very least European fiscal policy needs to allow for a counter cyclical component, even as you pull back from a very high deficit level, and not, as at present, insist on an entirely pro-cyclical one in a recessionary environment, thus magnifying the amplitude of the demand swings. If an economy needs more than 5% deficit (or more than 10% for that matter) simply to get meaningful GDP growth, then you need to understand why this is and find solutions, since as I say above debt itself doesn't cure anything, and arguably as our populations age accumulated debt only makes things worse. But if one of the engines on the plane starts to malfunction, the objective needs to be to get the passengers to the ground safely, and not necessarily by the most direct route.
Naturally infrastructure work on the periphery which needed German technology would help German export companies, so it wouldn't be that hard to sell in the heimat. But what use would it be to the receiving countries? That we won't know until we see the proposals in detail, and discover how it is going to be financed. If such infrastructure would help exports, both within and outside Europe, then it could be a plus. If it is only to build high speed train networks that lead to nowhere (or as is currently under discussion in Spain up to a frontier with Portugal across which there will be no connection waiting on the other side) then we are simply falling into the Japan trap, and applying a simplistic 1930s version of Keynesianism that doesn't work in the present context. But at the end of the day, the fact we are having this debate in the first place only serves to highlight the fact that we still don't have a roadmap for coming out of the crisis in Europe, and we still don't know what our future is going to look like.
And meanwhile, of course, there is Greece, and that blasted ongoing economic contraction to think about.
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As Paul Smith, Senior Economist at Markit and author of the Greece Manufacturing PMI report commented:
"April proved to be another difficult month for Greek manufacturers, with latest data again showing steep contractions across a number of key variables measured by the survey. "In line with recent reports, the issues facing manufacturers – and the Greek economy as a whole – remain deep rooted. Panelists again noted problems in accessing working capital and a culture of cash payments, implying that credit lines remain either closed or that agreements will come with restrictive terms.
"At present, it remains hard to see how these issues can be solved suggesting that the manufacturing sector is set for continued struggle in the months ahead."
Following his cue, and looking over at the latest election results in that unfortunate country, it remains hard to see how the issues arising can be solved, and it isn't clear what is going to happen next.
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ENTREVISTAS TV CRISIS GLOBAL

NR.: Director, no presidente ---------------------------------------------- Bruno Seminario 1 ------------------------- Bruno Seminario 2 -------------------- FELIX JIMENEZ 1 FELIZ JIMENEZ 2 FELIX JIMENEZ 3, 28 MAYO OSCAR DANCOURT,ex presidente BCR ------------------- Waldo Mendoza, Decano PUCP economia ---------------------- Ingeniero Rafael Vasquez, parlamentario 24 set recordando la crisis, ver entrevista en diario

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